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Personality
Maddi Hardiness Test
Salvatore Maddi's hardiness framework evaluates psychological resilience through three core dimensions: commitment to life activities, sense of personal control, and openness to challenge. The Personal Views Survey is widely used in clinical, organizational, and sport psychology to predict stress adaptation outcomes. Take this assessment and receive a personalized diagram of your resilience profile.
questions
45
Time
12 min
Method
Personal Views Survey III-R
Rating
4.7
![Maddi Hardiness Test [With Diagram]](/_next/image?url=%2Fimages%2Fcategories%2Fpersonality%2Fpersonality-01.webp&w=1920&q=75)
What you'll learn
Your level of commitment to life activities
Your sense of control over events
Your readiness to embrace challenges and change
Overall psychological hardiness profile
Personalized recommendations for building stress resilience
Key facts
S. Maddi
Author
45
Questions
10–15 min
Time
Personal Views Survey III-R
Method
History & development
1975
Illinois Bell Telephone longitudinal study begins
1979
Maddi and Kobasa formulate the hardiness concept
1984
Publication of The Hardy Executive monograph
2002
Creation of Personal Views Survey III-R (45 items)
2006
Russian adaptation by Leontiev and Rasskazova
About the methodology
Hardiness theory was formulated by Salvatore Maddi based on a 12-year longitudinal study of Illinois Bell Telephone employees during massive corporate restructuring (1975–1987).
The study revealed that one-third of employees not only maintained their performance despite extreme stress but actually improved their effectiveness. The key factor was a specific set of attitudes called hardiness.
The construct has been validated across diverse populations including military personnel, athletes, students, and corporate executives in over 600 published studies worldwide.
Scientific references
S. R. Maddi (2006)
S. R. Maddi, S. C. Kobasa (1984)
Frequently asked questions
What does the Maddi Hardiness Test measure?
The test assesses three components of hardiness: commitment (engagement in activities and sense of meaning), control (belief in the ability to influence events), and challenge (perception of change as an opportunity for growth).
How many questions are there and how long does it take?
The test contains 45 statements. The average completion time is 10–15 minutes.
How scientifically validated is this test?
The methodology is based on a 12-year longitudinal study and has been validated in over 600 scientific publications worldwide.
Who developed this methodology?
The hardiness concept was developed by American psychologist Salvatore Maddi at the University of California. The Russian adaptation was made by D.A. Leontiev and E.I. Rasskazova.
Can hardiness be developed?
Yes, research shows that hardiness can be developed through specialized Hardiness Training programs designed by S. Maddi.
Who is this test suitable for?
The test is suitable for adults who want to assess their stress resilience and identify resources for psychological adaptation.
Instructions
Rate how much each statement reflects your life position. Answer honestly based on how you usually think and act. There are no right or wrong answers.
Ready to start?
Over 1500 scientifically validated tests. Completely free and no registration required.